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Chapter 32 Review Wiki Electrostatics

32.1 Electrical Forces and Charges · Electrical force- a force that one charge applies on another. · Similar charges repel, opposite charges attract. [] · Charge- the basic electrical property in which like attractions between electrons or protons is seen. 32.2 Conservation of Charge · Conservation of charge- when net electric charge is neither created nor destroyed but can be moved from one material to another. 32.3 Coulomb’s Law · Coulomb’s law: The relationship between electrical force, charges, and distance: The electrical force between two charges varies directly as the product of the charges and inversely as the square of the distance between them (Hewitt, 505). · Coulomb: The SI unit of charge, one coulomb is equal to the total charge of 6.24 * 10^18 electrons. · Law can be expressed as: F= k(q1q2/d^2) 32.4 Conductors and Insulators · Conductor: A Material through which heat can be transferred. Good conductors of heat are good charge conductors. o Electrons are loose o Examples: metal · Semiconductors: materials that can be made to behave as insulators and as conductors · Superconductors: material that has endless conductivity at low temperatures, so that a charge can flow through it easily. · Insulator: A material that is a poor conductor of heat and that slows the transfer of heat and electricity. o Examples: Rubber, glass, and wood 32.5 Charging by Friction and Contact · Charging by Contact: When a charged rod is placed with a neutral object, some charge will transfer to the neutral object. o Example: shocking someone [] 32.6 Charging by Induction 32.7 Charge Polarization Works Cited Hewitt, Paul G. __Conceptual Physics: With Expanded Technology The High School Physics Program__. New York: Addison-Wesley Pub (Sd), 1999.
 * Induced: A term applied to electric charge that has been transferred onto an object because of the presence of a charged object near by.
 * Induction: The charging of an object without any direct contact
 * Grounding: when charges move off or on to a conductor by touching it
 * Electrically polarized: Term applied to an atom or molecule in which the charges are lined up so that one side is more positive or negative than the other side
 * The reason an inflated balloon sticks to a wall once rubbed on your hair is because the charge on the balloon induces an opposite surface charge on the wall.
 * To summarize how objects are electrically charged, there are three ways:
 * Friction
 * Contact
 * Induction